Coupling agent-based and InVEST® models for spatio-temporal simulation of land-use change effects on ecosystem services

Abstract

Understanding socio-ecological systems requires methods that capture spatial and temporal dynamics. Yet, environmental modelling approaches rarely represent both space and time. We developed a coupling framework that conceptualizes how to link dynamic simulation models with static models by letting the dynamic model control the static one. Building on this framework, we created NetVest, a tool that connects NetLogo-based agent-based models with static Python-based InVEST® models. We tested NetVest in a case study on smallholder-driven land-use change and its effects on economic functions and biodiversity. The case study illustrated how examining patterns at multiple time points reveals underlying mechanisms. In conclusion, NetVest enables more realistic modelling of socio-ecological systems by integrating spatial and temporal processes. This supports the design of land-use strategies that balance biodiversity conservation with land-use change.

Publication
In Environmental Modelling & Software